{"id":89610,"topic":"ai","source":"财新","title":"恩格斯停顿会重演吗？人工智能时代的资本、劳动与分配（一） - 财新","url":"https://opinion.caixin.com/2026-09-24/102488549.html","url_hash":"ea5d71e415835f3de02dc36a7eb9959b19a6ab75","author":"","summary":"<a href=\"https://news.google.com/rss/articles/CBMiYkFVX3lxTE44QVVGb0h3cGhGZENEa0gwcm5JaThGU2JkYk5WemtvbFF6NkdfcjNTS2RpS2pWai16M0tET0NwV0Z4aGVJRFc5WXNTNmZQUVB4ZXBjSHZ4NjRuUlBqQlNwVVJ3?oc=5\" target=\"_blank\">恩格斯停顿会重演吗？人工智能时代的资本、劳动与分配（一）</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<font color=\"#6f6f6f\">财新</font>","content":"文｜李嘉 张丹丹\n1845年，24岁的恩格斯在英国曼彻斯特生活和工作两年后，出版了《英国工人阶级状况》。这里是工业革命的中心，也是恩格斯家族参与经营的纺织企业所在地。他看到一个鲜明的反差：英国的财富在迅速增长，工人的生活境况却没有同步改善，工业化创造的收益更多地流向了资本所有者。160多年后，经济史学家罗伯特·艾伦（Robert C. 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